what technique did william levitt apply to the home building industry
William Levitt : biography
11 February 1907 – 28 January 1994
William Jaird Levitt (February 11, 1907 – Jan 28, 1994) was an American real-estate programmer widely credited every bit the father of modern American suburbia. He came to symbolize the new suburban growth with his utilize of mass-production techniques to construct large developments of houses selling for under $x,000. Many other relatively cheap suburban developments soon appeared throughout the country. While he did not invent the building of communities of affordable unmarried-family homes inside driving distance of major areas of employment, his innovations in providing affordable housing popularized this blazon of planned customs in the years following World War Two. His legacy remains criticized for its long-term effects of replacing farmland with suburban sprawl.
His nicknames included "The Rex Of Suburbia" http://therealdeal.com/newyork/articles/william-levitt-the-rex-of-bourgeoisie and "Inventor of the Suburb." At his height, when he was building one suburban house every 16 minutes, he compared his successes to those of Henry Ford'south automobile assembly line. In achieving his housing evolution success, he besides became one of the visible examples of the prevailing concern exercise of many contemporary existent estate developers of the era to cater to the common racism of his intended clientele, developing "white-only" enclaves in the neighborhoods he created. Environmentalists also detect effect with the suburban lifestyle he helped to create.
Historian Kenneth Jackson wrote of Levitt & Sons: "The family unit that had the greatest affect on postwar housing in the United States was Abraham Levitt and his sons, William and Alfred, who ultimately built more than 180,000 houses and turned a cottage industry into a major manufacturing procedure".http://geography.about.com/od/urbaneconomicgeography/a/levittown.htm
Other Levittown projects
Levitt went on to plan and build another community of more than 17,000 homes in Bucks Canton, Pennsylvania, which saw its first residents in 1952. Willingboro, New Jersey was originally built as a Levittown, and bears several Levittown-specific street names such as Levitt Parkway. Levittown, Puerto Rico, built in the 1960s, was also one of Levitt's projects.
During the late 1950s, Levitt and Sons also developed the community known as "Belair at Bowie," in Bowie, Maryland. In 1957 they acquired the historic Belair Mansion and estate, dwelling of Maryland's colonial Governor Samuel Ogle and his Belair Stables. In 1959 the community was annexed past Bowie. He besides built in Palm Declension, Florida, Richmond, Virginia and Fairfax, Virginia. Besides, in the early 1960s, the company built a 5000 firm community in north key New Jersey called Strathmore-at-Matawan. The Strathmore name had originally been used past Levitt & Sons in its upper center class developments on Long Island in the 1930s. Levitt fifty-fifty built almost Paris at Lésigny in Seine-et-Marne, and at Mennecy in Essonne, France. He was awarded the Frank P. Brown Medal in 1965.
Levitt & Sons was sold to ITT International Telephone and Telegraph in 1968 for a reported $ninety million. Levitt subsequently lost much of his wealth in unsuccessful investments.
Background
Levitt was born into a Jewish family unit who were originally poor immigrants from Russia and Republic of austria, his immigrant grandfather was a rabbi from eastern Europe.http://www.answers.com/topic/william-levitt-one Every bit President of Levitt & Sons, the real-estate evolution company founded by his father Abraham Levitt almost the outset of the Groovy Depression, William Levitt oversaw all aspects of the company except for the designs of the homes they built. Pattern duties cruel to William's brother Alfred.
Prior to World War II, Levitt & Sons built more often than not upscale housing on and around Long Island, New York. During the 1930s, they built the North Strathmore customs at Manhasset, New York on the one-time Onderdonk farm. Afterwards returning from the war, during which he served in the Navy equally a lieutenant in the Seabees, William Levitt saw a demand for affordable housing for the returning veterans.
Timeline
- c. 1947: built Levittown, New York
- 1952: built Levittown, Pennsylvania
- c. 1955: built development in Willingboro, New Jersey
- 1957-1968: built Belair at Bowie in Bowie, Maryland (construction connected until 1978 although no longer endemic by William Levitt)
- c. 1962: built Strathmore, New Jersey
- c. 1965: congenital Levittown, Puerto Rico
- 1966: built a development in Somerset, New Jersey
- 1968: sold to International Phone and Telegraph, (construction of the kickoff European Levittown projects, "50'Orée de Lésigny" and "Le Parc de Lésigny" at Lésigny, Seine-et-Marne, France)
Construction of Levittown, New York
Levitt & Sons chose an area known as Island Trees about Hempstead, Long Isle as the site for its huge edifice project afterwards the war. The Company named it Levittown. Levitt'southward innovation in creating this planned community was to build the houses in the manner of an associates line. In normal assembly lines, the workers stay stationary and the product moves downwardly the line. In Levitt's homebuilding assembly line, the production (houses) plainly could not move. Residents started moving into Levittown, New York in 1947. Houses sold for between $half-dozen,995 and $viii,000 with monthly payments equally low every bit $57, a low price even by 1947 standards. The residents would come to be known as Levittowners.
Source: https://fampeople.com/cat-william-levitt
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